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Electric
motors, drives and energy saving
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Switchgear
assemblies and captive (emergency) power generation
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Voltage
surges, over voltages, circuit interrupters and
grounding practices
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Power
capacitors and reactive power controls
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Busbar
systems
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Energy saving |
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Energy efficient motors (EEM) |
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Developments in semi-conductor devices and their
applications in ac/dc drives, HV dc transmission, SVC's
and other power applications |
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Shielding of signals and isolated or clean grounding of power
electronic circuits |
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Prevention from bearing currents
caused by PWM
inverters |
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Energy based discrimination of current limiting breakers |
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Compact switchgear
assemblies |
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Protection schemes |
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Intelligent switchboards |
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Additional tests on switchgear assemblies like :
- impact test, internal arcing test and separators
for operational safety, glow wire test
- Impulse test on LV system
- Restrictions on use of hazardous substances
(RoHS) |
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Some new techniques of
recording and predicting an
earthquake |
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Passing reference to tsunami warning systems |
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Non-conventional methods of current measurement |
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Hybrid current sensors |
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Hall effect sensors,
Rogowski coils and Digital optical instrument transformers |
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EMC/EMI testing requirements |
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Generator grounding and reactive load sharing |
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Gas insulated compact sub-stations (GIS) |
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LV surge protection and surge protection devices (SPDs) |
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Metal oxide distribution class surge arresters |
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HV and LV vacuum contactors |
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Grounding systems |
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Special purpose capacitors |
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Auto-reclosure scheme for transient stability and |
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Use of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
(SCADA) system for dynamic stability of a power network |
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Serial data transmission,
communication interfaces and protocols |
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EMC/EMI (Electromagnetic
compatibility and
interferences) |
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EMC/EMI norms and many more small and relevant topics |
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Sandwich and compact low loss bus systems |
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Partially isolated bus-systems |
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More tables and details on copper busbar systems |
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Designing of copper bus systems |
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New safety measures and tests prescribed by IEC |
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